How to test react-router redirection with testing-library
React testing-library is very convenient to test React components rendering from props, fire events and check DOM elements. react-router uses a <Redirect>
component to trigger a redirect, but how can we test that this component is called using testing-library?
Let’s say we have a CreateBookForm component that creates a new book. It calls our API when the form is submitted.
// BookCreateForm.js
import React, { useState } from 'react';
import api from './api';
function CreateBookForm() {
const [title, setTitle] = useState('');
async function handleSubmit(event) {
event.preventDefault();
await api.createBook({ title });
}
return (
<form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
<input
placeholder="Book's title"
value={title}
onChange={(event) => setTitle(event.target.value)}
/>
<button>Create book</button>
</form>
);
}
export default CreateBookForm;
It’s easy to test that our api is called when the form is submitted with testing-library:
// BookCreateForm.test.js
import React from 'react';
import { render, act, fireEvent, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react';
import BookCreateForm from './BookCreateForm';
import api from './api';
jest.mock('./api');
test('it calls api on form submit', async () => {
api.createBook = jest.fn(() => Promise.resolve({ id: 1 }));
const {
getByPlaceholderText, getByText, findByDisplayValue
} = render(<BookCreateForm />);
await act(async () => {
const input = getByPlaceholderText(/Book's title/);
fireEvent.change(input, { target: { value: 'Yama Loka Terminus' }});
await findByDisplayValue(/Yama Loka Terminus/);
const button = getByText(/Create book/);
fireEvent.click(button);
});
expect(api.createBook).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ title: 'Yama Loka Terminus' });
});
Now, let’s say we want our component to redirect to the new book page once it’s created.
// BookCreateForm.js
import React, { useState } from 'react';
import { Redirect } from 'react-router-dom'
import api from './api';
function CreateBookForm() {
const [title, setTitle] = useState('');
const [createdId, setCreatedId] = useState(null);
async function handleSubmit(event) {
event.preventDefault();
const { id } = await api.createBook({ title });
setCreatedId(id);
}
return createdId ?
<Redirect to={`/book/${createdId}`}/> :
(
<form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
<input
placeholder="Book's title"
value={title}
onChange={(event) => setTitle(event.target.value)}
/>
<button>Create book</button>
</form>
);
}
export default CreateBookForm;
We’ll probably have a router wrapping our form and a BookPage component:
// App.js
function App() {
return (
<div className="App">
<BrowserRouter>
<Route path="/book/create">
<BookCreateForm />
</Route>
<Route path="/book/:id">
<BookPage />
</Route>
</BrowserRouter>
</div>
);
}
Now, our test runner will complain that we use <Redirect>
outside of a router, so let’s wrap our component test into one.
// BookCreateForm.test.js
// …
import { BrowserRouter } from 'react-router-dom';
// …
const {
container,
getByPlaceholderText,
getByText,
findByDisplayValue
} = render(<BrowserRouter><BookCreateForm /></BrowserRouter>);
// …
Everything is working fine, but how can we ensure that our form component is redirecting to the new page after the api’s response?
That’s a tricky question and I’ve been struggling with this. I’ve seen some complex solutions involving creating fake routers or mocking the react-router module. But there’s actually a pretty simple way to test this.
If we try to snapshot our component after our API was called, we’ll notice that it renders an empty div.
expect(container).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`<div />`);
That’s because the redirection indeed happened, but there was no route to redirect to. From the testing-library renderer perspective, they are no routes defined, we just ask it to render and empty router containing the form.
To ensure that our user gets redirected to /book/1
(as the book’s id returned by our API mock is 1
), we can add a route for that specific url with a simple text as children.
const {
container,
getByPlaceholderText,
getByText,
findByDisplayValue
} = render(
<BrowserRouter>
<BookCreateForm />
<Route path="/book/1">Book page</Route>
</BrowserRouter>
);
And test that the component rendered the text:
expect(container).toHaveTextContent(/Book page/);
Our final test :
// BookCreateForm.test.js
import React from 'react';
import { render, act, fireEvent } from '@testing-library/react';
import { BrowserRouter, Route } from 'react-router-dom';
import BookCreateForm from './BookCreateForm';
import api from './api';
jest.mock('./api');
test('it calls api on form submit', async () => {
api.createBook = jest.fn(() => Promise.resolve({ id: 1 }));
const {
container,
getByPlaceholderText,
getByText,
findByDisplayValue
} = render(
<BrowserRouter>
<BookCreateForm />
<Route path="/book/1">Book page</Route>
</BrowserRouter>
);
await act(async () => {
const input = getByPlaceholderText(/Book's title/);
fireEvent.change(input, { target: { value: 'Yama Loka Terminus' }});
await findByDisplayValue(/Yama Loka Terminus/);
const button = getByText(/Create book/);
fireEvent.click(button);
});
expect(api.createBook).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ title: 'Yama Loka Terminus' });
expect(container).toHaveTextContent(/Book page/);
});
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